Mandarin is by far the largest of the seven or ten Chinese dialect groups, spoken by 70 percent of all Chinese speakers over a large geographical area, stretching from Yunnan in the southwest to Xinjiang in the northwest and Heilongjiang in the northeast. Nevertheless, Mandarin is often placed first in lists of languages by number of native speakers (with nearly a billion). Many varieties of Mandarin, such as those of the Southwest (including Sichuanese) and the Lower Yangtze, are not mutually intelligible or are only partially intelligible with the standard language. Because Mandarin originated in North China and most Mandarin dialects are found in the north, the group is sometimes referred to as Northern Chinese ( simplified Chinese: 北方话 traditional Chinese: 北方話 pinyin: běifānghuà lit. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese. 'speech of officials') is a group of Sinitic (Chinese) languages natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. Mandarin ( / ˈ m æ n d ər ɪ n/ ( listen) simplified Chinese: 官话 traditional Chinese: 官話 pinyin: Guānhuà lit. A speaker from Tanghe ( Central Plains Mandarin)
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